Impulse Calculator

Impulse Formula

Worked Example

A bat applying an average 1200 N to a ball for 0.05 s:

1. J = F × Δt
2. J = 1200 × 0.05
3. J = 60 N·s

In lbf·s: 13.48853659 lbf·s · Impulse–momentum theorem: J = Δp = m(v − u)

Finding average force from a speed change

Compute Δp = m(v − u) with the momentum calculator, then choose “average force” here with J = Δp. A 0.145 kg baseball reversing from −40 to +50 m/s in 1 ms feels about 13 kN.

More Energy, Work and Momentum Calculators

• Kinetic Energy Calculator

  KE = ½ m v²

  KE kinetic energy (J), m mass (kg), v speed (m/s)

  Example: A 20 kg object moving at 10 m/s: Kinetic energy KE = 1000 J.

  Open the kinetic energy calculator →

• Momentum Calculator

  p = m v

  p momentum (kg·m/s), m mass, v velocity (a vector: its sign gives the direction)

  Example: A 1.5 kg ball moving at 20 m/s: Momentum p = 30 kg·m/s.

  Open the momentum calculator →

• Potential Energy Calculator

  PE = m g h

  PE potential energy (J), m mass, g gravitational acceleration, h height above the reference level

  Example: Lifting a 10 kg box 10 m on Earth: Potential energy PE = 980.665 J.

  Open the potential energy calculator →

• Work Calculator

  W = F d cos θ

  W work (J), F force, d displacement, θ angle between force and motion

  Example: Pulling a sled 10 m with 50 N at 60° to the ground: Work W = 250 J.

  Open the work calculator →

Frequently asked questions

Sources

• The International System of Units (SI), 9th edition (SI Brochure), Bureau International des Poids et Mesures .

Last reviewed: 2026-10-15. Factors are stored exactly and computed with 50-digit decimal arithmetic. See how we verify conversion factors.