Chvorinov's Rule Calculator
A 200 × 100 × 50 mm steel block with B = 2 s/mm² solidifies in about 6.80272 min, with a modulus of 14.3 mm.
Found by experiment for the metal and mould; often given in questions.
6.80272108843538 min
Full answer, then cut to fewer decimals (not rounded):
- 6.80272108843538 min
- 6.8027210884353 min
- 6.802721088435 min
- 6.80272108843 min
- 6.8027210884 min
- 6.802721088 min
- 6.80272108 min
- 6.8027210 min
- 6.802721 min
- 6.80272 min
- 6.8027 min
- 6.802 min
- 6.80 min
- 6.8 min
- Volume
- 1000 cm³
- Surface area
- 700 cm²
- Modulus V/A
- 14.28571429 mm
- In seconds
- 408.1632653 s
- Riser rule
- a riser should have a modulus at least 1.2 times the casting’s (about 1.44× the solidification time for n = 2)
Step-by-step solution
- Modulus M = V ÷ A = 1000000 ÷ 70000 = 14.28571429 mm
- t = B Mⁿ = 2 × 14.28571429^2 = 408.1632653 s
Chvorinov's Rule Formula
t = B (V/A)ⁿ
B mould constant, n ≈ 2; riser modulus ≥ 1.2 × casting modulus
Worked Example
A 200 × 100 × 50 mm block with B = 2 s/mm² and n = 2:
- Modulus M = V ÷ A = 1000000 ÷ 70000 = 14.28571429 mm
- t = B Mⁿ = 2 × 14.28571429^2 = 408.1632653 s
Surface area: 700 cm² · Modulus V/A: 14.28571429 mm · In seconds: 408.1632653 s · Riser rule: a riser should have a modulus at least 1.2 times the casting’s (about 1.44× the solidification time for n = 2)
GATE tip
Faces in contact with other sections do not lose heat; leave them out of A when a riser or another casting part sits on that face.
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Frequently asked questions
Why does the riser need a larger modulus?
It must stay liquid longer than the casting to feed its shrinkage; a modulus 20 % larger gives about 44 % more time for n = 2.
Which shape is best for a riser?
A sphere has the largest V/A, but cylinders with height about equal to diameter are practical and nearly as good.
Sources
- The International System of Units (SI), 9th edition (SI Brochure), Bureau International des Poids et Mesures .
Last reviewed: . Factors are stored exactly and computed with 50-digit decimal arithmetic. See how we verify conversion factors.
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APA
Scientific Converters. (2026, October 15). Chvorinov's Rule Calculator. Retrieved October 25, 2026, from https://scientificconverters.com/calculators/chvorinov-rule-calculator/
IEEE
Scientific Converters, "Chvorinov's Rule Calculator," scientificconverters.com. Accessed: Oct. 25, 2026. [Online]. Available: https://scientificconverters.com/calculators/chvorinov-rule-calculator/